A. Since then intelligence tests have been mostlyused to separate dull children in school fromaverage or bright children so that specialeducation can be provided to the dull.B. In other words intelligence tests give us a normfor each age.C. Intelligence is expressed as intelligencequotient and tests are developed to indicate whatan average child of a certain age can do ?.What a five-year-old can answer but a four-yearoldcannot for instance.D. Binet developed the first set of such tests in theearly 1900s to find out which children in schoolneeded special attention.E. Intelligence can be measured by tests.
2.
A. If caught in the act they were punished not forthe crime but for allowing themselves to becaught another lash of the whip.B. The bellicose Spartans sacrificed all the finerthings in life for military expertise.C. Those fortunate enough to survive babyhoodwere taken away from their mothers at the ageof seven to undergo rigorous military training.D. This consisted mainly of beatings anddeprivations of all kinds like going aroundbarefoot in winter and worse starvation so thatthey would be forced to steal food to survive.E. Male children were examined at birth by the citycouncil and those deemed too weak to becomesoldiers were left to die of exposure.
3.
A. This very insatiability of the photographing eyechanges the terms of confinement in the cave our world.B. Humankind lingers unregenerately in Plato?scave still revelling its age-old habit in mereimages of truth.C. But being educated by photographs is not likebeing educated by older images drawn by hand;for one thing there are a great many moreimages around claiming our attention.D. The inventory started in 1839 and since thenjust about everything has been photographed or so it seems.E. In teaching us a new visual code photographsalter and enlarge our notions of what is worthlooking at and what we have a right to observe.
4.
A. To be culturally literate is to possess the basicinformation needed to thrive in the modern world.B. Nor is it confined to one social class; quite thecontrary.C. It is by no means confined to ?culture? narrowlyunderstood as an acquaintance with the arts.D. Cultural literacy constitutes the only sure avenueof opportunity for disadvantaged children theonly reliable way of combating the socialdeterminism that now condemns them.E. The breadth of that information is great extendingover the major domains of human activity fromsports to science.
5.
A. Both parties use capital and labour in thestruggle to secure property rights.B. The thief spends time and money in his attemptto steal (he buys wire cutters) and the legitimateproperty owner expends resources to preventthe theft (he buys locks).C. A social cost of theft is that both the thief andthe potential victim use resources to gain ormaintain control over property.D. These costs may escalate as a type oftechnological arms race unfolds.E. A bank may purchase more and morecomplicated and sophisticated safes forcingsafecrackers to invest further in safecrackingequipment.
