Aryabhata is widely regarded as one of the most influential mathematicians in Indian history. He also wrote a book called Aryabhatiya which covers a wide range of topics like trigonometry, algebra, and calculus.
Brahmagupta is known for his contributions to number theory, including his work on the Brahmagupta–Fibonacci identity which is still used today.
Bhaskara II is known for his contributions to calculus and geometry. He made important contributions to the study of trigonometry and algebra.
Madhava is known for his contributions to calculus, including the discovery of the Madhava–Leibniz series which was the forerunner of the modern Taylor series.
Ramanujan is known for his work in number theory and his ability to find new and innovative solutions to problems.
Rao is known for his work in statistics, including the development of the Rao–Blackwell theorem and the Cramer–Rao bound.
Harish-Chandra is known for his work in mathematics and physics, including his contributions to the study of Lie groups and Lie algebras.
Raychaudhuri is known for his work in general relativity, including the Raychaudhuri equation which describes the behavior of matter in a gravitational field.
Agrawal is known for his work in computer science, including the development of the AKS primality test which determines whether a number is prime or composite.