NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry 2023 For Term 1 & Term 2 | Download Chapter Wise solutions

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: The experts at KopyKiitab have drafted NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry to assist students in learning all of the complex concepts quickly. Every question from the NCERT Textbook is addressed in a systematic manner to assist students learning in a shorter amount of time. Chemistry NCERT Solutions are designed after extensive research to assist students in completing the whole syllabus prior to the Class 12 CBSE Board Exams. Hence, we have provided both online and offline solutions for this purpose, all of which are totally based on the Class 12 Chemistry most updated syllabus.

• Download NCERT Class 12 Solutions For All Subjects

Download Chapter-Wise Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions 2023 PDF

Students can use the links provided below to download chapter-wise solutions on this page. By clicking the links provided below, you can obtain NCERT Solutions Class 12 Chemistry (particular chapter).

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 The Solid State

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 2 Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 3 Electrochemistry

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 7 The p Block Elements

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 8 The d and f Block Elements

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 9 Coordination Compounds

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 10 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols Phenols and Ethers

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 12 Aldehydes Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 13 Amines

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 14 Biomolecules

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life

NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry: Chapter-Wise Descriptions

Let us now go through the topics one by one to learn what the chapters in the course cover.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 1 The Solid State – Term I

This is the introductory chapter to the Chemistry of 12th grade. Subtopics covered in this chapter are as follows-

1. General Characteristics of Solid State
2. Amorphous and Crystalline Solids
3. Classification of Crystalline Solids
   1. Molecular Solids
   2. Ionic Solids
   3. Metallic Solids
   4. Covalent or Network Solids
4. Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
   1. Primitive and Centred Unit Cells
5. Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell
   1. Primitive Cubic Unit Cell
   2. Body-Centred Cubic Unit Cell
   3. Face-Centred Cubic Unit Cell
6. Close-Packed Structures
   1. The formula of a Compound and Number of Voids Filled
7. Packing Efficiency
   1. Packing Efficiency in HCP and CCP Structures
   2. The efficiency of Packing in Body-Centred Cubic Structures
   3. Packing Efficiency in Simple Cubic Lattice
8. Calculations Involving Unit Cell Dimensions
9. Imperfections in Solids
   1. Types of Point Defects
   2. Electrical Properties
   3. Conduction of Electricity in Metals
   4. Conduction of Electricity in Semiconductors
   5. Magnetic Properties

The chapters start from the basics of the solid-state and dive into the more complex propositions such as broad classifications and then explanations of those. A student must start their preparation starting from this chapter though it is an introductory one.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapters 2 Solutions – Term I

Being the second to the introductory, students will get some fresh new ideas about the subject in this 2nd chapter. The subtopics included in the content are-

1. Types of Solutions
2. Expressing Concentration of Solutions
3. Solubility
   1. The solubility of a Solid in a Liquid
   2. The solubility of a Gas in a Liquid
4. Vapour Pressure of Liquid Solutions
   1. Vapour Pressure of Liquid-Liquid Solutions
   2. Raoult’s Law as a special case of Henry’s Law
   3. Vapour Pressure of Solutions of Solids in Liquids
5. Ideal and Nonideal Solutions
   1. Ideal Solutions
   2. Non-ideal Solutions
6. Colligative Properties and Determination of Molar Mass
   1. Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure
   2. Elevation of Boiling Point
   3. Depression of Freezing Point
   4. Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
7. Abnormal Molar Masses

This chapter generally holds around 5 marks altogether for the 12th boards. The basic of the chapter talks regarding the type of solutions, their solubility, the vapour pressure of liquid solutions, Raoult’s law, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and more.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 3 Electrochemistry – Term II

Electrochemistry is the third chapter and the subtopics this chapter includes are as follows-

1. Electrochemical Cells
2. Galvanic Cells
   1. Measurement of Electrode Potential
3. Nernst Equation
   1. Equilibrium Constant from Nernst Equation
   2. Electrochemical Cell and Gibbs Energy of Reaction
4. The conductance of Electrolytic Solutions
   1. Measurement of the Conductivity of Ionic Solutions
   2. Variation of Conductivity and Molar Conductivity with Concentration
5. Electrolytic Cells and Electrolysis
   1. Products of Electrolysis
6. Batteries
   1. Primary Batteries
   2. Secondary Batteries
7. Fuel Cells
8. Corrosion

Once students learn both the 2nd and 3rd chapters they are offered a vivid idea about the electrochemical cell and can distinguish in between the electrolytic cell and galvanic cell. You will also study the Nernst equation of calculation of emf of a galvanic cell.

This chapter will also let you define the concept of the standard potential of the cell. Download Class 12 Chemistry NCERT solutions chapter 3 pdf to jump-start your exam preparation.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 4 Chemical Kinetics – Term II

The chapter focuses on chemical kinetics teaching the students about the details of the topics. Subtopics that are covered here in the chapter are as follows-

1. The rate of a Chemical Reaction
2. Factors Influencing the Rate of a Reaction
   1. Dependence of Rate on Concentration
   2. Rate Expression and Rate Constant
   3. Order of a Reaction
   4. Molecularity of a Reaction
3. Integrated Rate Equations
   1. Zero Order Reactions
   2. First-Order Reactions
   3. Half-Life of a Reaction
4. Pseudo First Order Reaction
5. Temperature Dependence of the Rate of a Reaction
   1. Effect of Catalyst Ex 4.6 – Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions.

The chapter concentrates in imparting students with the basic idea about chemical reactions, temperature dependence, Arrhenius equation and collision theory of chemical reaction.

We are here with solutions of numerical questions, complex questions, exercise questions, textbook questions as well as exam questions to make your board examination preparation a sorted one. 

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 5 Surface Chemistry – Term II

Surface chemistry is another important concept which CBSE covers in 12th grade. All total 4 marks are allotted from this portion for your boards, still take the chapter pretty seriously for your future endeavours.

The chapters deal with topics such as absorption, catalyst, colloids which consist of emulsions and gels. Once you finish the chapter you will be able to distinguish between the interfacial phenomenons. Subtopics that are included in the chapter are as follows-

1. Adsorption
   1. The distinction between Adsorption and Absorption
   2. Mechanism of Adsorption
   3. Types of Adsorption
   4. Adsorption Isotherms
   5. Adsorption from Solution Phase
   6. Applications of Adsorption
2. Catalysis
   1. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis
   2. Adsorption Theory of Heterogeneous Catalysis
   3. Shape-Selective Catalysis by Zeolites
   4. Enzyme Catalysis
   5. Catalysts in Industry
3. Colloids
4. Classification of Colloids
   1. Classification Based on the Physical State of Dispersed Phase and Dispersion Medium
   2. Classification Based on the Nature of Interaction between Dispersed Phase and Dispersion Medium
   3. Classification Based on the Type of Particles of the Dispersed Phase, Multimolecular, Macromolecular, and Associated Colloids
   4. Preparation of Colloids
   5. Purification of Colloidal Solutions
   6. Properties of Colloidal Solutions
5. Emulsions
6. Colloids around Us.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 6 General Principles and Process of Isolation

This chapter focuses on teaching the students everything about metal extraction, such as reactions, the extraction process, and more of the topics. The topics which the syllabus includes are as follows-

1. Occurrence of Metals
2. Concentration of Ores
3. Extraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore
4. Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy
5. Electrochemical Principles of Metallurgy
6. Oxidation-Reduction
7. Refining
8. Uses of Aluminium, Copper, Zinc, and Iron.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 7 The p-Block Element – Term I

This chapter is an exclusive chapter solely written in imparting knowledge to the 12th graders. The chapter states that chemistry is an inorganic ring of the P-block element which dates back pretty long to the 19th C.

The elements of groups 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 are termed as P-Block elements and are presented in the general outer element. Topics that are there in this chapter are as follows-

1. Group 15 Elements
2. Dinitrogen
3. Ammonia
4. Oxides of Nitrogen
5. Nitric Acid
6. Phosphorus — Allotropic Forms
7. Phosphine
8. Phosphorus Halides
9. Oxoacids of Phosphorus
10. Group 16 Elements
11. Dioxygen
12. Simple Oxides
13. Ozone
14. Sulphur — Allotropic Forms
15. Sulphur Dioxide
16. Oxoacids of Sulphur
17. Sulphuric Acid
18. Group 17 Elements
19. Chlorine
20. Hydrogen Chloride
21. Oxoacids of Halogens
22. Interhalogen Compounds
23. Group 18 Elements

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 8 The d & f block element – Term II

The element that lies in the center of the periodic table that is between the s-block and p-block is termed as the d-block or transition elements. While the f-block elements are also termed as inner transition series. These d-block and f-block elements undoubtedly instigate several new topics to the students of class 12.

Take for instance the general properties of D-block, its physical properties, variation in atomic and ionic structure, and more. Subtopics that are included in the chapter are as flows-

1. Position in the Periodic Table
2. Electronic Configurations of the d-Block Elements
3. General Properties of the Transition Elements (d-Block)
4. Some Important Compounds of Transition Elements
5. The Lanthanoids
6. The Actinoids
7. Some Applications of d- and f-Block Elements

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 9 Coordination Compound – Term II

This chapter is unquestionably one of the challenging portions of the 12th-grade chemistry syllabus. Topics which are covered in this area of the syllabus are as follows-

1. Werner’s Theory of Coordination Compounds
2. Definitions of Some Important Terms Pertaining to Coordination Compounds
3. Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
4. Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
5. Bonding in Coordination Compounds
6. Bonding in Metal Carbonyls
7. Stability of Coordination Compounds
8. Importance and Applications of Coordination Compounds.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 10 Haloalkanes & Haloarenes – Term I

Haloalkanes are generally halogens derivatives of hydrocarbons while Haloarenes are aromatic compounds in which the halogen atom is attached directly to the carbon atom of the aromatic ring.

This chapter includes topics such as preparation, chemical and physical properties, uses, and more to study. Subtopics that are there to study are –

1. Classification
2. Nomenclature
3. Nature of C-X Bond
4. Methods of Preparation
5. Physical Properties
6. Chemical Reactions
7. Polyhalogen Compounds

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers – Term I

Like the title suggests the chapter teaches students everything about alcohols, phenols, and ethers. Students would learn the reactions involved in building the compounds and more important concepts that they will need for their future.

Subtopics that the chapter includes are as follows-

1. Classification
2. Nomenclature
3. Structures of Functional groups
4. Alcohols and phenols
5. Some Commercially Important alcohols
6. Ethers

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids – Term II

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids are basically carbonyl compounds and a vital part of the 12th board’s chemistry. Aldehydes and Ketones are acquired through ozonolysis of alkynes. It can be also obtained by oxidation of alcohols, or through cyanide.

Subtopics that are there in the chapter are as follows-

1. Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
2. Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
3. Physical Properties
4. Chemical Reactions
5. Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
6. Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group
7. Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
8. Physical Properties
9. Chemical Reactions
10. Uses of Carboxylic Acids.

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 13 Amines – Term II

Amines are generally ammonia derivatives acquired through the replacement of hydrogen. The chapter teaches students about the nomenclature, structure, and properties of amines. Subtopics that are included in the segment are as follows-

1. Structure of Amines
2. Classification
3. Nomenclature
4. Preparation of Amines
5. Physical Properties
6. Chemical Reactions
7. Methods of preparation of Diazonium Salts
8. Physical Properties
9. Chemical reactions
10. Importance of Diazonium salts in Synthesis of aromatic Compounds

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 14 Biomolecules – Term I

Chemical is everything our life comprises of. And these minute substances are termed bio-molecules like carbohydrates, vitamins, lipids, and more of the category. They interact with each other and create the molecular logic of life formation.

Topics that are included in the CBSE Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions of this chapter are as follows-

1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Enzymes
4. Vitamins
5. Nucleic Acids
6. Hormones

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 15 Polymers

The chapter teaches students the classifications, properties, and more about Polymers, Elastomers, Fibres, Thermoplastic, And Thermosetting.

Subtopics that are covered in this chapter are-

1. Classification of Polymers
2. Types of Polymerisation Reactions
3. Molecular Mass of Polymers
4. Biodegradable Polymers
5. Polymers of Commercial Importance

Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions: Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life

This chapter in the 12th standard imparts detailed knowledge about our everyday chemistry. Subtopics that are included in this context are –

1. Drugs and their Classification
2. Drug-Target Interaction
3. Therapeutic Action of Different Classes of Drugs
4. Chemicals in Food
5. Cleansing Agents

We have covered the complete guide on CBSE Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions. We here are always ready to help you, so if you feel troubled with any of the topics make sure to come to us, since we would be more than happy to help you.

FAQs- Class 12 Chemistry NCERT Solutions